Кельвин и воздухоплавание

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2016-09-05
#science

К вопросу о позиции Кельвина по созданию летательных аппаратов (из письма 1896 года):

I am afraid I am not in the flight for “aerial navigation”. I was greatly interested in your work with kites; but I have not the smallest molecule of faith in aerial navigation other than ballooning or of expectation of good results from any of the trials we hear of. So you will understand that I would not care to be a member of the aëronautical Society.

В дальнейшем Кельвин немного смягчил свою позицию, но всё равно настаивал на том, что воздушный шар является наиболее реалистичным способом воздухоплавания и что ни один из способов, в любом случае, не принесёт практической пользы. Из интервью 1902 года:

Q: Then it would appear that, in your opinion, we have no hope of solving the problem of aerial navigation in any way?

A: No; I do not think there is any hope. Neither the balloon, nor the aeroplane, nor the gliding machine will be a practical success. The balloon is the best of all.

Q: But you think that the principal of the balloon cannot be applied to make a successful airship?

A: No; I do not.

При этом в 1901 г. Сантос-Дюмон продемонстрировал первый дирижабль, а в 1903 произошёл полёт братьев Райт. Интервью Кельвина попало аккурат между этими важнейшими для истории воздухоплавания событиями. В другом интервью 1902 года (New York Times, April 20, 1902) Кельвин комментирует полёт Сантос-Дюмона:

They never will be able to use dirigible balloons as a means of conveying passengers from place to place. There never was and never can be any commercial value to any such affair. It is all a delusion and a snare. Santos-Dumont is a very bright young man, but an air ship as planned by him is not practicable.

Умер Кельвин в 1907 году и, судя по всему, до конца жизни так и оставался при своём мнении относительно летательных аппаратов — благо, эпоху расцвета дирижаблей в 1920-х и 1930-х гг. он не застал.

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